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Meclofenamic acid (meclofenamate sodium, brand Meclomen) is a drug used for joint, muscular pain, arthritis and dysmenorrhea.〔http://www.medicinenet.com/meclofenamate/article.htm〕 It is a member of the anthranilic acid derivatives (or fenamate) class of NSAID drugs and was approved by the FDA in 1980.〔FDA (Meclomen page at FDA ) Page accessed July 3, 2015〕 Like other members of the class, it is a COX inhibitor and prevents formation of prostaglandins.〔NIH LiverTox Database (Mefenamic Acid ) Last updated June 23, 2015. Page accessed July 3, 2015〕 Scientists led by Claude Winder from Parke-Davis invented meclofenamate sodium in 1964, along with fellow members of the class, mefenamic acid in 1961 and flufenamic acid in 1963.〔Whitehouse M. Drugs to Treat Inflammation: A Historical Overview. pp 707-729 in Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry , Volume 4. Eds Rahman A, et al. Bentham Science Publishers, 2009 ISBN 9781608052073〕 Patents on the drug expired in 1985〔United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment (Pharmaceutical R & D: Costs, Risks & Rewards ) DIANE Publishing, 1993 ISBN 9780788104688〕 and several generics were introduced in the US, but as of July 2015 only Mylan still sold it.〔FDA (Meclofenamate sodium ANDAs at FDA ) Page accessed July 3, 2015〕〔FDA (Mylan label for meclofenamate sodium ) Revised: October 2013, Accessed July 3, 2015〕 It is not widely used in humans as it a high rate (30-60%) rate of gastrointestinal side effects.〔Jeffrey K. Aronson. Meyler's Side Effects of Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Elsevier, 2009 ISBN 9780080932941〕 ==Use in horses== Meclofenamic acid is sold under the trade name "Arquel" for use in horses, and is administered as an oral granual form at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg/day.〔McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Proc. AAEP 2001 (47): 182-187.〕 It has a relatively slow onset of action, taking 36–48 hours for full effect,〔Cotter GH, Riley WF, Beck CC, Coppock RW. Arquel (Cl- 1583). A new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for horses, in Proceedings. Am Assoc Equine Practnr 1973;19: 81–90.〕 and is most useful for treatment of chronic musculoskeletal disease.〔Snow DH, Baxter P, Whiting B. The pharmacokinetics of meclofenamic acid in the horse. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 1981; 4:147–156.〕 It has been found to be beneficial for the treatment of navicular syndrome, laminitis, and osteoarthritis,〔 in some cases having a more profound effect than the commonly-used NSAID phenylbutazone.〔Lees P, Higgins AJ. Clinical pharmacology in therapeutic uses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the horse. Equine Vet J 1985;17:83–96.〕 However, due to cost, it is not routinely used in practice. Toxicity due to excessive dosage is similar to that of phenylbutazone, including depression, anorexia, weight loss, edema, diarrhea, oral ulceration, and decreased hematocrit.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Meclofenamic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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